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Sains Malaysiana 54(10)(2025): 2337-2351
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5410-01
Penyelidikan Arkeologi menggunakan Kaedah Keberintangan Elektrik di Bukit Suring, Lenggong,
Perak, Malaysia
(Archaeological
Research using Electrical Resistivity Method at Bukit Suring, Lenggong,
NOR AMIRA SHAROM1, NOR KHAIRUNNISA TALIB1,*, NORDIANA MUZTAZA2, SHYEH SAHIBUL KARAMAH
MASNAN1 & VELAT BUJENG1
1Pusat Penyelidikan Arkeologi Global, 11800
USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 9
April 2025/Diterima: 29 Julai 2025
Abstrak
Tinjauan awal di Bukit Suring terhadap permukaan teres bukit menunjukkan potensi kewujudan sungai kuno yang mungkin pernah mengalir di kawasan ini pada masa lalu. Bagi mengesahkan hipotesis ini, satu kajian geofizik telah dijalankan menggunakan kaedah keberintangan elektrik dua dimensi (2D) untuk mengenal pasti bukti geologi di bawah permukaan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengesan kesan tinggalan sungai kuno, termasuk kehadiran sedimen seperti aluvium, pasir dan batu pasir. Metodologi ini melibatkan penggunaan elektrod bagi mengukur nilai keberintangan elektrik 2D
yang dapat membezakan variasi material di sub-permukaan.
Hasil kajian menunjukkan kehadiran kelikir sungai yang memberikan petunjuk jelas mengenai kewujudan sistem sungai kuno di kawasan ini. Fenomena ini turut mencerminkan keadaan di tapak Paleolitik di Lembah Lenggong dengan kewujudan sungai kuno berperanan penting dalam menyokong kehidupan manusia prasejarah. Sungai Perak kuno dipercayai menjadi sumber air utama dan kelikir untuk pembuatan alat batu serta kawasan strategik bagi penempatan manusia awal di Lembah Lenggong, sebagaimana yang dapat dihipotesiskan bagi tapak Paleolitik Bukit Suring.
Data yang diperoleh dalam kajian ini diproses menggunakan perisian RES2DINV bagi menghasilkan imej dua dimensi berwarna yang dapat menunjukkan ketebalan lapisan kelikir, ketebalan tanah serta kepadatannya, seterusnya menyumbang kepada pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang landskap purba dan kemungkinan kaitannya dengan aktiviti manusia prasejarah.
Kata kunci: Arkeologi; Bukit Suring; geofizik; keberintangan elektrik; sungai kuno
Abstract
A preliminary survey at Bukit Suring on the
terrace surfaces of the hill suggests the potential existence of an ancient
river that may have once flowed through this area in the past. To confirm this
hypothesis, a geophysical study was conducted using the two-dimensional (2D)
resistivity method to identify geological evidence beneath the surface. This
study aims to detect traces of the ancient river, including the presence of
sediments such as alluvium, sand, and sandstone. The methodology involves the
use of electrodes to measure resistivity values, which can differentiate
variations in subsurface materials. The results of the study indicate the
presence of river gravels, providing clear evidence of an ancient river system
in the area. This phenomenon also reflects conditions at Palaeolithic sites in
the Lenggong Valley, where the existence of ancient
rivers played a crucial role in supporting prehistoric human life. The ancient
Sungai Perak is believed to have been a primary water source and a provider of
gravel for stone tool-making, as well as a strategic location for early human
settlements in the Lenggong Valley, similar to what
can be hypothesized for Bukit Suring. The data obtained from this study was
processed using RES2DINV software to produce colorized two-dimensional images
that illustrate the thickness of the gravel layer, soil depth, and its density,
thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of the ancient landscape and its
possible connection to prehistoric human activities.
Keywords: Ancient river; archaeology; Bukit Suring;
geophysics; resistivity
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